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Lymphoma Specialist in Delhi
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- LYMPHOMA CANCER
The estimated death rate from NHL is higher in India than in North America or Western Europe. Diagnostic and treatment delays, underdiagnosis, and ill-suited treatments are the possible reasons for poor outcomes in India.
Lymphoma cancer is the most common type of cancer in men than in women. In India, the HDL male-to-female ratio in India is 5.5:1. Non-Hodgkin type is more common than HDL. As per Globocan (2012), the global incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is estimated to be 5 per 100,000 (385,741 new cases), with a death rate of 2.5 per 100,000 i.e. the death cases comes around 199,630 deaths. The incidence of Hodgkin lymphoma is approximately 1 in 25,000, and one in eight is Hodgkin lymphoma.
In non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the prognosis is good, and, depending on the factors considered, most patients get cured of cancer. Since there are a different number of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, the outlook may differ for each type. The five-year survival rate for people with Hodgkin lymphoma is 85 percent, and the majority of these people will recover from such conditions.
For best diagnosis, treatment, and care, you should immediately consult an expert, like Dr. P.K.Das, the best cancer surgeon in Delhi.
What is Lymphoma Cancer?
The lymphatic system is a series of lymph nodes and vessels that move lymph fluid around the body. Lymph fluids contain white blood cells that fight infection. Lymph nodes act as filters, capturing and destroying bacteria and viruses to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
While the lymphatic system generally protects your body, lymphatic cells called lymphocytes can become cancerous. The names of tumors that occur in the lymphatic system are lymphomas.
What are the types of Lymphoma cancer?
There are over 70 different types of lymphoma. They range from indolent (slow-growing) to very aggressive. The majority of lymphomas are caused by lymphocytes namely – B lymphocytes (B cells) and T lymphocytes (T cells). These lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells. Cancerous lymphomas can affect any part of the lymphatic system, including:
- Bone marrow
- Thymus
- Spleen
- Tonsils
- Lymph nodes
Lymphomas mainly have two categories: non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Both types can occur in children as well as adults.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is one of the most common types of lymphoma. Although it can occur at any age, most people who develop the disease are older adults.
There are many types of NHL, all divided into two main groups: B cell lymphoma and T cell lymphoma.
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare form of lymphoma. It is distinguished by the presence of large, abnormal cancer cells called Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells. Although Hodgkin lymphoma can develop in children and adults, it usually develops in young adults between 20 and 34.
Hodgkin Lymphoma has two main subtypes: Classic and predominantly nodular lymphocyte Hodgkin lymphoma. More than 90% of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma have classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
What are the stages of Lymphoma cancer?
The lymphoma condition is determined by where the cancer is and how far it has spread in the body. Lymphoma, like most cancers, is usually classified into four stages.
Stage 1
The cancer is in a lymphatic area: the lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, or a localized non-lymphatic site.
STAGE 2
Cancer is in two or more lymph nodes close to each other and on the same side of the body, or cancer is in one organ and neighboring lymph nodes.
STAGE 3
The cancer is in the lymph nodes on both sides of the body and several lymph nodes.
STAGE 4
Cancer can begin in an organ and spread to neighbouring lymph nodes. As the NHL progresses, it can start to outspread. The most common sites for advanced NHL are the liver, bone marrow, and lungs.
Multiple Myeloma FAQs
These are early warning signs of lymphoma that include:
- Bone pain
- Cough
- Fatigue
- Enlarged spleen
- Fever
- Night sweats
- Pain when drinking alcohol
- Itchy rash
- Rash in skin folds
- Shortness of breath
- Skin itching
- Stomach pain
- Unexplained weight loss
Lymphoma may not always cause symptoms in the early stages. Instead, a doctor may find swollen lymph nodes during a physical exam. These can look like small, soft nodules under the skin. A person can feel lymph nodes in the neck, upper chest, armpit, stomach, and groin.
Uncontrolled cell growth leads to cancer. The average lifespan of a cell is short, and then the cell dies. In people with lymphoma, however, the cell grows and spreads instead of declining.
Most cases of lymphoma diagnosed have no known cause. However, some people have to be at higher risk.
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is most common in people over the age of 60. However, some types are more common in a youngster.
- The majority of cases are diagnosed in the population between 15 and 40 or over 55 for Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Men are more likely than women, although some subtypes may be more common in women.
- People with a weakened immune system due to HIV / AIDS, an organ transplant, or because they were born with an immune disease.
- People with autoimmune system diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and celiac disease.
- People have been infected with a virus such as Epstein-Barr, hepatitis C or leukemia / Human T cell lymphoma (HTLV1).
- If a close relative is diagnosed with lymphoma, your risk for developing cancer is higher.
- People are exposed to benzene or chemicals that kill insects and weeds.
- People who have been treated for Hodgkin’s or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the past.
- Nuclear radiation can also increase the risk of developing lymphoma.
The best medical oncologist in Delhi, Dr. P.K Das, and his medical team offer effective lymphoma cancer treatment to patients.
The effective treatments for non-Hodgkin lymphoma include:
- Chemotherapy uses drugs to treat NHL.
- Radiation therapy destroys cancerous cells by using high-energy rays.
- Immunotherapy uses the body’s immune system to target cancer cells.
- Targeted therapy targets certain aspects of lymphoma cells to stop their growth.
Effective treatments for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma are radiation therapy which shrinks and destroys cancerous cells. Doctors also prescribe chemotherapy medication to treat Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.
In some cases, bone marrow or stem cell transplant is used to build healthy immune cells. Doctors may remove these cells or tissues before starting chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Close relatives may also be able to donate bone marrow.
A biopsy is usually done if a doctor suspects lymphoma. A biopsy involves the removal of cells from an enlarged lymph node. A hematopathologist will examine the cells to see if lymphoma cells are present and if so, what type of cell they are.
A hematopathologist will examine the cells to determine if lymphoma cells are present and what type of cell they are.
You may also have one of these tests to help diagnose, classify, or manage lymphoma:
- Chest X-ray
- MRI scan
- PET scan
- Molecular test
- Blood tests
Survival rates for NHL and Hodgkin’s Lymphoma depend on the extent of cancer cell spread and the type of cancer.
Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a highly curable type of cancer with survival rates at 1-year, 5-years, and 10- years of approximately 90%, 85%, and 80%, respectively.
As a result, patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma that spread to nearby areas have a 75% survival rate over five years. Otherwise, if cancer has not spread, the survival rate is about 83% higher during the same period. However, if the tumor has metastasized to areas further from the initial tumor site, the 5-year survival rate is 63%.
Over ten years, the survival rate is distributed appropriately so that the numbers may be slightly less than the 5-year survival rate. The 10-year relative survival rate for non-Hodgkin lymphoma is 60%. Survival rates are subject to change depending on the risk factors the patient is facing.
The five-year survival rate for stage 1 is 90%, while the five-year survival rate for stage 4 is 65%.
If you and your loved ones need to consult with a Lymphoma oncologist in Delhi, you can connect with Dr. P.K Das, one of the best oncologists in Delhi.
Most people with non-Hodgkin lymphoma will live 20 years after diagnosis.
There is a pain in the lymph nodes- neck, underarms, or groin.
The five-year survival rate is 90% in stage 2, and the five-year survival rate is 80% in stage 3 of Hodgkin’s lymphoma cancer.
The five-year survival rate for stage 4 is 65% in lymphoma cancer.